en Rolling Stock Rolling Stock پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">In this paper, a multi-scale plane strain model has been developed to investigate the temperature distribution in elastic contact and then elastoplastic contact of wheel and rail considering smooth and rough surfaces for the first time. The finite element results in smooth area of elastoplastic contact indicate that due to plastic deformations, a portion of the generated energy is expended on these deformations. Consequently, the maximum temperature in this type of contact, considering that no heat is induced by plastic deformation, tends to fall around 8 % relative to elastic contact. However, a counter behavior is observed in the rough area of elastoplastic contact where the local heat in the contact area is higher and hence the temperature on the surface of asperities is higher compared to elastic contact</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">.</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">This may be due to the stress concentration and improper distribution of heat in the rough elastoplastic contact.</span></span></span> Wheel-rail contact,Coupled thermal-mechanical analysis,Roughness ,Elastic and elastoplastic contact, Frictional heat 27 36 http://ijrare.iust.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-368-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mahshad Ataei mahshad_ataei@rail.iust.ac.ir 180031947532846003018 180031947532846003018 No School of Railway Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran Habibollah Molatefi molatefi@iust.ac.ir 180031947532846003019 180031947532846003019 Yes School of Railway Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran